1 00:00:08,629 --> 00:00:06,710 hello and welcome to nasa's jet 2 00:00:11,830 --> 00:00:08,639 propulsion laboratory in pasadena 3 00:00:13,910 --> 00:00:11,840 california i'm jari cook of jpl's media 4 00:00:15,990 --> 00:00:13,920 relations office and i'm going to be the 5 00:00:17,590 --> 00:00:16,000 moderator today for our wrap-up news 6 00:00:18,550 --> 00:00:17,600 briefing for the cassini mission to 7 00:00:20,950 --> 00:00:18,560 saturn 8 00:00:23,750 --> 00:00:20,960 about an hour and a half ago a very 9 00:00:25,910 --> 00:00:23,760 early california time we bid farewell to 10 00:00:27,910 --> 00:00:25,920 the intrepid cassini spacecraft it 11 00:00:29,589 --> 00:00:27,920 plunged into the skies of saturn and 12 00:00:31,990 --> 00:00:29,599 ended its mission 13 00:00:33,990 --> 00:00:32,000 to help us understand these last moments 14 00:00:37,270 --> 00:00:34,000 we have some key team members with us 15 00:00:39,110 --> 00:00:37,280 today to share their thoughts 16 00:00:41,350 --> 00:00:39,120 we do have some reporters on the phone 17 00:00:44,229 --> 00:00:41,360 and so if you have questions uh you 18 00:00:45,510 --> 00:00:44,239 should press star one on your telephone 19 00:00:47,910 --> 00:00:45,520 and we're also going to be tracking 20 00:00:51,190 --> 00:00:47,920 questions via social media and you can 21 00:00:53,189 --> 00:00:51,200 use the hashtag asknasa 22 00:00:55,510 --> 00:00:53,199 so to kick us off i'm going to introduce 23 00:00:58,470 --> 00:00:55,520 to you michael watkins he's the director 24 00:01:01,760 --> 00:00:58,480 of jpl and jpl manages the cassini 25 00:01:10,149 --> 00:01:01,770 mission to saturn for nasa 26 00:01:12,870 --> 00:01:10,159 [Applause] 27 00:01:15,350 --> 00:01:12,880 thank you and welcome to jpl 28 00:01:17,910 --> 00:01:15,360 jpl designed built and operated the 29 00:01:19,830 --> 00:01:17,920 cassini spacecraft for nasa 30 00:01:20,630 --> 00:01:19,840 and as you heard about an hour a half 31 00:01:23,109 --> 00:01:20,640 ago 32 00:01:24,630 --> 00:01:23,119 uh transmitted its final signals from 33 00:01:26,789 --> 00:01:24,640 saturn and then became part of the 34 00:01:29,109 --> 00:01:26,799 planet that it had been studying for 14 35 00:01:30,469 --> 00:01:29,119 years after a seven year voyage for 13 36 00:01:31,510 --> 00:01:30,479 years after a seven year voyage to 37 00:01:35,590 --> 00:01:31,520 saturn 38 00:01:37,270 --> 00:01:35,600 but continuing the legend of cassini 39 00:01:38,710 --> 00:01:37,280 it turned that event into an event of 40 00:01:41,350 --> 00:01:38,720 hope 41 00:01:42,390 --> 00:01:41,360 not an end but really a beginning 42 00:01:44,550 --> 00:01:42,400 and 43 00:01:47,830 --> 00:01:44,560 the discoveries that cassini has made 44 00:01:50,069 --> 00:01:47,840 over the past 13 years in orbit 45 00:01:51,510 --> 00:01:50,079 have rewritten the textbooks of saturn 46 00:01:53,670 --> 00:01:51,520 have discovered worlds that could be 47 00:01:56,310 --> 00:01:53,680 habitable and have guaranteed that we 48 00:01:58,230 --> 00:01:56,320 will return to that ringed world 49 00:02:00,469 --> 00:01:58,240 so the fantastic discoveries that 50 00:02:01,429 --> 00:02:00,479 continue to be made with the last set of 51 00:02:03,590 --> 00:02:01,439 ring 52 00:02:05,590 --> 00:02:03,600 crossing orbits and in the in the grand 53 00:02:06,950 --> 00:02:05,600 finale of cassini haven't really even 54 00:02:08,630 --> 00:02:06,960 been studied yet 55 00:02:11,270 --> 00:02:08,640 and as linda spelker and i were joking 56 00:02:14,309 --> 00:02:11,280 earlier the last few seconds of the 57 00:02:16,630 --> 00:02:14,319 cassini mission are our first taste of 58 00:02:19,030 --> 00:02:16,640 the atmosphere of saturn and those last 59 00:02:21,270 --> 00:02:19,040 few seconds might be a number of phd 60 00:02:23,510 --> 00:02:21,280 theses for students to come so even this 61 00:02:25,030 --> 00:02:23,520 last few seconds cassini managed to to 62 00:02:27,750 --> 00:02:25,040 continue 63 00:02:29,190 --> 00:02:27,760 its its rewriting of the textbooks 64 00:02:31,510 --> 00:02:29,200 and its legend 65 00:02:33,670 --> 00:02:31,520 and to talk more about cassini and about 66 00:02:35,830 --> 00:02:33,680 the the planetary program i'd like to 67 00:02:38,140 --> 00:02:35,840 introduce dr thomas zurbukin the head of 68 00:02:48,150 --> 00:02:38,150 the science mission directorate at nasa 69 00:02:52,229 --> 00:02:49,589 while we're here 70 00:02:53,030 --> 00:02:52,239 to discuss a magnificent mission that 71 00:02:55,030 --> 00:02:53,040 had 72 00:02:56,630 --> 00:02:55,040 an amazing end 73 00:02:58,710 --> 00:02:56,640 and i want to do this starting with the 74 00:03:00,869 --> 00:02:58,720 big picture i'd like to ask you to pull 75 00:03:02,550 --> 00:03:00,879 up the first picture 76 00:03:04,550 --> 00:03:02,560 there it is 77 00:03:07,190 --> 00:03:04,560 one of the most 78 00:03:08,710 --> 00:03:07,200 beautiful uh planets we can imagine uh 79 00:03:10,790 --> 00:03:08,720 some of the science actually kind of 80 00:03:12,949 --> 00:03:10,800 borders on sci-fi from time to time we 81 00:03:14,869 --> 00:03:12,959 look at these images that are there are 82 00:03:17,750 --> 00:03:14,879 there and we wonder 83 00:03:20,229 --> 00:03:17,760 wow that is that really how nature is 84 00:03:21,990 --> 00:03:20,239 and yes it is and nature is really 85 00:03:23,670 --> 00:03:22,000 beautiful this image of course taken 86 00:03:26,710 --> 00:03:23,680 roughly a year ago 87 00:03:29,830 --> 00:03:26,720 shows the amazing planet really the 88 00:03:32,630 --> 00:03:29,840 subject of the research that uh this 89 00:03:34,470 --> 00:03:32,640 spacecraft that this is cassini next 90 00:03:36,789 --> 00:03:34,480 picture 91 00:03:46,229 --> 00:03:36,799 this is also cassini 92 00:03:50,149 --> 00:03:48,309 a diverse set of people from all walks 93 00:03:52,470 --> 00:03:50,159 of life you see at the top there the 94 00:03:55,030 --> 00:03:52,480 science team at their uh last meeting 95 00:03:57,509 --> 00:03:55,040 just a few days ago uh waving at the 96 00:03:58,390 --> 00:03:57,519 camera and uh really celebrating what 97 00:04:00,550 --> 00:03:58,400 they're learning and of course 98 00:04:01,429 --> 00:04:00,560 recognizing that they're nowhere near 99 00:04:04,070 --> 00:04:01,439 done 100 00:04:05,830 --> 00:04:04,080 science will go on and more discoveries 101 00:04:07,990 --> 00:04:05,840 will be made with the data not just from 102 00:04:08,869 --> 00:04:08,000 the last day but also from the last 103 00:04:10,630 --> 00:04:08,879 months 104 00:04:13,110 --> 00:04:10,640 you see at the bottom 105 00:04:14,869 --> 00:04:13,120 many members of the engineering team 106 00:04:17,830 --> 00:04:14,879 which of course are really important 107 00:04:21,110 --> 00:04:17,840 part of this as well uh together i've we 108 00:04:22,950 --> 00:04:21,120 added them up close to 5000 or so uh you 109 00:04:25,670 --> 00:04:22,960 know individuals putting their heart and 110 00:04:28,469 --> 00:04:25,680 soul into this magnificent missions this 111 00:04:35,510 --> 00:04:28,479 is ladies and gentlemen cassini 112 00:04:41,189 --> 00:04:38,629 what you don't see there is that these 113 00:04:42,950 --> 00:04:41,199 people are representative of 26 114 00:04:45,189 --> 00:04:42,960 countries or so 115 00:04:47,590 --> 00:04:45,199 and of course you know 116 00:04:49,990 --> 00:04:47,600 that uh at the entire cassini huygens 117 00:04:52,390 --> 00:04:50,000 mission involved three space agency and 118 00:04:55,189 --> 00:04:52,400 i just really want to call out my 119 00:04:57,909 --> 00:04:55,199 colleagues and our friends from our 120 00:04:59,590 --> 00:04:57,919 sister agencies and i want to really uh 121 00:05:01,990 --> 00:04:59,600 welcome you here and thank you for 122 00:05:04,950 --> 00:05:02,000 coming here you're here uh alvaro 123 00:05:07,029 --> 00:05:04,960 jimenez he's a director of science uh my 124 00:05:08,510 --> 00:05:07,039 counterpart at the european space agency 125 00:05:14,790 --> 00:05:08,520 thanks so much 126 00:05:17,110 --> 00:05:14,800 [Applause] 127 00:05:20,310 --> 00:05:17,120 and roberto pasits pakistan the 128 00:05:23,110 --> 00:05:20,320 president of ozzie uh from italy uh a 129 00:05:24,550 --> 00:05:23,120 really important part of this uh design 130 00:05:29,990 --> 00:05:24,560 thanks so much 131 00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:33,189 or grazia 132 00:05:36,550 --> 00:05:34,469 learn a little bit of italian in 133 00:05:39,350 --> 00:05:36,560 switzerland 134 00:05:41,830 --> 00:05:39,360 the rest i forgot 135 00:05:44,390 --> 00:05:41,840 for 35 years uh 136 00:05:47,430 --> 00:05:44,400 you all have come together and worked to 137 00:05:49,430 --> 00:05:47,440 shed light on this most magnificent work 138 00:05:53,270 --> 00:05:49,440 and i would say with the words of a 139 00:05:55,590 --> 00:05:53,280 former governor here we will be back 140 00:05:58,950 --> 00:05:55,600 you know thanks to cassini uh uh that we 141 00:06:01,590 --> 00:05:58,960 now know to be a you know this uh world 142 00:06:04,870 --> 00:06:01,600 that has so many facets to it and many 143 00:06:07,430 --> 00:06:04,880 facets actually we did not expect um 144 00:06:09,510 --> 00:06:07,440 with today's end of this mission we know 145 00:06:12,070 --> 00:06:09,520 now know the planet's moon will remain 146 00:06:14,390 --> 00:06:12,080 pristine so not only did he do science 147 00:06:17,029 --> 00:06:14,400 here at the very end but we protected 148 00:06:19,990 --> 00:06:17,039 science to be done in the future and we 149 00:06:21,670 --> 00:06:20,000 can and will i'm sure over time find 150 00:06:23,909 --> 00:06:21,680 ways to go back to these moons and 151 00:06:24,790 --> 00:06:23,919 explore them because the questions they 152 00:06:28,150 --> 00:06:24,800 have 153 00:06:30,790 --> 00:06:28,160 asked make this ass keep us up at night 154 00:06:32,469 --> 00:06:30,800 questions that are so deep so simple 155 00:06:34,550 --> 00:06:32,479 that every one of us can understand 156 00:06:36,790 --> 00:06:34,560 whether or not we have a phd or some 157 00:06:39,510 --> 00:06:36,800 kind of stem education questions that 158 00:06:41,670 --> 00:06:39,520 are at the heart of an educated kind of 159 00:06:43,350 --> 00:06:41,680 populace of humanity as a whole it's 160 00:06:45,670 --> 00:06:43,360 those kind of questions that will not 161 00:06:47,990 --> 00:06:45,680 have motivated cassini those kind of 162 00:06:50,629 --> 00:06:48,000 questions that will motivate us to go 163 00:06:52,950 --> 00:06:50,639 back and explore again 164 00:06:55,749 --> 00:06:52,960 again my shout out to the team to me 165 00:06:58,469 --> 00:06:55,759 what will stick with me about cassini is 166 00:07:01,189 --> 00:06:58,479 the team in that room working together 167 00:07:02,950 --> 00:07:01,199 as one till the very end of this 168 00:07:06,210 --> 00:07:02,960 magnificent mission 169 00:07:15,110 --> 00:07:06,220 congrats to the cassini and to its team 170 00:07:17,909 --> 00:07:15,120 [Applause] 171 00:07:20,790 --> 00:07:17,919 okay thank you dr zurbukin so now i will 172 00:07:23,270 --> 00:07:20,800 introduce our panelists for today 173 00:07:32,390 --> 00:07:23,280 first right next to me is earl mays the 174 00:07:40,870 --> 00:07:34,710 next we have linda spilker the cassini 175 00:07:45,029 --> 00:07:43,110 and next to her we have julie webster 176 00:07:51,749 --> 00:07:45,039 the cassini spacecraft operations 177 00:07:57,029 --> 00:07:54,710 so now i'll turn it over to earl 178 00:08:01,749 --> 00:07:57,039 thanks joey maybe we could just reprise 179 00:08:06,230 --> 00:08:04,390 are you crying ps1 we just had 180 00:08:11,589 --> 00:08:06,240 transition to high rate mode 181 00:08:15,909 --> 00:08:13,350 we have lots of signals that's actually 182 00:08:17,990 --> 00:08:15,919 about your events 183 00:08:19,110 --> 00:08:18,000 project manager flight director 184 00:08:23,990 --> 00:08:19,120 go ahead 185 00:08:29,909 --> 00:08:26,950 project manager on fso court 186 00:08:31,430 --> 00:08:29,919 maybe a trickle of telemetry left but 187 00:08:34,230 --> 00:08:31,440 just heard the 188 00:08:36,550 --> 00:08:34,240 signal from the spacecraft is gone and 189 00:08:39,029 --> 00:08:36,560 within the next 45 seconds so will be 190 00:08:40,709 --> 00:08:39,039 the spacecraft 191 00:08:41,589 --> 00:08:40,719 i hope you're all 192 00:08:44,070 --> 00:08:41,599 as 193 00:08:46,389 --> 00:08:44,080 deeply proud of this amazing 194 00:08:48,870 --> 00:08:46,399 accomplishment congratulations to you 195 00:08:51,670 --> 00:08:48,880 all this has been an incredible mission 196 00:08:54,710 --> 00:08:51,680 an incredible spacecraft and you're all 197 00:08:56,949 --> 00:08:54,720 an incredible team i'm going to call 198 00:09:00,640 --> 00:08:56,959 this the end of mission 199 00:09:10,550 --> 00:09:00,650 project manager off the net 200 00:09:13,030 --> 00:09:10,560 [Applause] 201 00:09:17,030 --> 00:09:13,040 there there are times in this world when 202 00:09:18,949 --> 00:09:17,040 things just line up when everything is 203 00:09:21,030 --> 00:09:18,959 just about perfect 204 00:09:23,110 --> 00:09:21,040 a child's laugh 205 00:09:25,750 --> 00:09:23,120 a desert sunset 206 00:09:28,310 --> 00:09:25,760 and this morning it just couldn't have 207 00:09:30,630 --> 00:09:28,320 been better and if you think about that 208 00:09:32,870 --> 00:09:30,640 moment where we've been waiting for for 209 00:09:34,230 --> 00:09:32,880 this entire seven years 210 00:09:35,990 --> 00:09:34,240 everything clicked out just right and 211 00:09:38,230 --> 00:09:36,000 then we can step back and say the same 212 00:09:40,949 --> 00:09:38,240 thing about the cassini mission 213 00:09:43,110 --> 00:09:40,959 a superb machine in an amazing place 214 00:09:45,430 --> 00:09:43,120 doing everything we could possibly do to 215 00:09:47,509 --> 00:09:45,440 reveal the mysteries and secrets of our 216 00:09:50,310 --> 00:09:47,519 solar system 217 00:09:52,790 --> 00:09:50,320 this morning a lone explorer a machine 218 00:09:55,910 --> 00:09:52,800 made by humankind finished its mission 219 00:09:58,470 --> 00:09:55,920 900 million miles away 220 00:10:01,190 --> 00:09:58,480 the nearest observer wouldn't even know 221 00:10:02,550 --> 00:10:01,200 until 84 minutes later that cassini was 222 00:10:05,030 --> 00:10:02,560 gone 223 00:10:06,949 --> 00:10:05,040 to the very end the spacecraft did 224 00:10:09,030 --> 00:10:06,959 everything we asked 225 00:10:12,550 --> 00:10:09,040 that ground systems report was superb 226 00:10:13,750 --> 00:10:12,560 and we believe we got every last second 227 00:10:16,389 --> 00:10:13,760 of data 228 00:10:18,069 --> 00:10:16,399 it's already back in arizona and i think 229 00:10:20,230 --> 00:10:18,079 the analysts are already working on it 230 00:10:21,829 --> 00:10:20,240 so we have indeed accomplished exactly 231 00:10:23,350 --> 00:10:21,839 what we set out to do 232 00:10:24,630 --> 00:10:23,360 complete this mission with a saturn 233 00:10:26,630 --> 00:10:24,640 probe 234 00:10:28,870 --> 00:10:26,640 to the area 235 00:10:31,509 --> 00:10:28,880 maybe just a little bit about the legacy 236 00:10:33,990 --> 00:10:31,519 of the of this mission 237 00:10:36,389 --> 00:10:34,000 we've built the blocks and both 238 00:10:38,790 --> 00:10:36,399 scientifically and engineering-wise for 239 00:10:41,110 --> 00:10:38,800 the next set of missions europa will 240 00:10:43,269 --> 00:10:41,120 capitalize upon our engineering 241 00:10:44,949 --> 00:10:43,279 expertise and techniques and the 242 00:10:48,630 --> 00:10:44,959 instruments that we have developed for 243 00:10:50,470 --> 00:10:48,640 cassini 30 years later almost will be 244 00:10:52,550 --> 00:10:50,480 that much better and more sophisticated 245 00:10:53,750 --> 00:10:52,560 and tuned for the environment that we're 246 00:10:59,509 --> 00:10:53,760 in 247 00:11:01,269 --> 00:10:59,519 for future missions the fact that 248 00:11:02,389 --> 00:11:01,279 cassini presented a unique set of 249 00:11:03,190 --> 00:11:02,399 challenges 250 00:11:05,030 --> 00:11:03,200 to 251 00:11:06,949 --> 00:11:05,040 the the uh 252 00:11:08,310 --> 00:11:06,959 science and engineers of course there's 253 00:11:10,069 --> 00:11:08,320 that ever 254 00:11:12,550 --> 00:11:10,079 ever 255 00:11:15,430 --> 00:11:12,560 lasting tension between science goals 256 00:11:16,310 --> 00:11:15,440 and engineering conservatism 257 00:11:19,190 --> 00:11:16,320 but 258 00:11:20,870 --> 00:11:19,200 also this put the scientists in in 259 00:11:24,069 --> 00:11:20,880 contention with each other 260 00:11:24,870 --> 00:11:24,079 and with the engineers and the mix of 261 00:11:27,509 --> 00:11:24,880 this 262 00:11:29,829 --> 00:11:27,519 as a as an experiment in sociology uh 263 00:11:31,110 --> 00:11:29,839 was an astonishing success and i believe 264 00:11:32,630 --> 00:11:31,120 that the 265 00:11:34,470 --> 00:11:32,640 future missions are also going to learn 266 00:11:36,870 --> 00:11:34,480 how to cooperate and how to get the very 267 00:11:38,630 --> 00:11:36,880 best of their systems well with casino 268 00:11:39,910 --> 00:11:38,640 leaving the example 269 00:11:41,990 --> 00:11:39,920 we've been able to repurpose the 270 00:11:44,389 --> 00:11:42,000 spacecraft in all sorts of unique ways 271 00:11:46,389 --> 00:11:44,399 and as you just saw a little while ago 272 00:11:51,350 --> 00:11:46,399 we turned it into an atmospheric probe 273 00:11:56,389 --> 00:11:54,069 it's a benefit of of exploration i've 274 00:12:00,630 --> 00:11:56,399 got to thank the many thousands of 275 00:12:03,350 --> 00:12:00,640 people we had three space agencies 276 00:12:05,430 --> 00:12:03,360 17 member nations contributing to the 277 00:12:06,389 --> 00:12:05,440 launch and of the the hardware the 278 00:12:08,949 --> 00:12:06,399 mission 279 00:12:11,110 --> 00:12:08,959 hundreds of contractors thousands of 280 00:12:13,030 --> 00:12:11,120 individuals in science and engineering 281 00:12:15,030 --> 00:12:13,040 and we have to reach back all the way 282 00:12:17,910 --> 00:12:15,040 back to the early eighties for the folks 283 00:12:20,470 --> 00:12:17,920 that did those thankless cost exercises 284 00:12:22,829 --> 00:12:20,480 over and over again all the way up to 285 00:12:25,910 --> 00:12:22,839 now the people that sent the very final 286 00:12:29,590 --> 00:12:25,920 commands thank you and uh the gratitude 287 00:12:31,350 --> 00:12:29,600 i believe of of the of the of the world 288 00:12:33,590 --> 00:12:31,360 is is should be bestowed upon you for 289 00:12:34,550 --> 00:12:33,600 the accomplishments of this mission 290 00:12:36,470 --> 00:12:34,560 um 291 00:12:39,350 --> 00:12:36,480 we also need to thank our many millions 292 00:12:40,870 --> 00:12:39,360 of fans the the the heartwarming buzz 293 00:12:44,230 --> 00:12:40,880 that we've gotten from 294 00:12:46,629 --> 00:12:44,240 social media from educational uh 295 00:12:48,870 --> 00:12:46,639 uh regions throughout the world uh the 296 00:12:50,870 --> 00:12:48,880 media the more traditional media as well 297 00:12:51,829 --> 00:12:50,880 has just been great telling the cassini 298 00:12:54,949 --> 00:12:51,839 story 299 00:12:55,750 --> 00:12:54,959 inspiring the next set of explorers 300 00:12:57,910 --> 00:12:55,760 and 301 00:13:00,069 --> 00:12:57,920 is just absolutely as important to us as 302 00:13:04,310 --> 00:13:00,079 the scientific results we've found so 303 00:13:09,030 --> 00:13:06,629 the senior mission ended this morning 304 00:13:11,269 --> 00:13:09,040 high over the clouds of saturn the 305 00:13:12,550 --> 00:13:11,279 spacecraft is gone 306 00:13:15,269 --> 00:13:12,560 thanks 307 00:13:17,910 --> 00:13:15,279 and farewell faithful explorer 308 00:13:19,030 --> 00:13:17,920 but the legacy of cassini has has just 309 00:13:21,509 --> 00:13:19,040 begun 310 00:13:23,110 --> 00:13:21,519 the effect that cassini has and will 311 00:13:25,990 --> 00:13:23,120 have on the future of planetary 312 00:13:29,630 --> 00:13:26,000 exploration will go on for decades thank 313 00:13:41,670 --> 00:13:29,640 you and long live cassini 314 00:13:43,750 --> 00:13:41,680 [Applause] 315 00:13:46,870 --> 00:13:43,760 all right next up uh we have julie 316 00:13:51,910 --> 00:13:50,310 okay thank you um 317 00:14:04,069 --> 00:13:51,920 i 318 00:14:05,750 --> 00:14:04,079 yesterday 319 00:14:08,389 --> 00:14:05,760 i'm one of the people one of the 320 00:14:10,790 --> 00:14:08,399 privileged few that actually sat inside 321 00:14:11,910 --> 00:14:10,800 this spacecraft before it was put 322 00:14:12,949 --> 00:14:11,920 together 323 00:14:15,350 --> 00:14:12,959 and 324 00:14:16,790 --> 00:14:15,360 my my last image 325 00:14:19,030 --> 00:14:16,800 was 326 00:14:20,069 --> 00:14:19,040 inside of the of the parts and the 327 00:14:23,189 --> 00:14:20,079 wiring 328 00:14:25,430 --> 00:14:23,199 as as we went in um 329 00:14:28,629 --> 00:14:25,440 but we had 330 00:14:31,189 --> 00:14:28,639 we've had 13 years at saturn but uh 20 331 00:14:32,550 --> 00:14:31,199 years of of an incredible spacecraft 332 00:14:33,910 --> 00:14:32,560 that was 333 00:14:35,269 --> 00:14:33,920 designed 334 00:14:36,870 --> 00:14:35,279 by people 335 00:14:38,870 --> 00:14:36,880 and i can't emphasize this enough that 336 00:14:40,790 --> 00:14:38,880 had 30 years of experience when they 337 00:14:42,069 --> 00:14:40,800 designed it they had they took all the 338 00:14:43,990 --> 00:14:42,079 lessons learned 339 00:14:45,509 --> 00:14:44,000 from the voyagers and the galileos and 340 00:14:54,150 --> 00:14:45,519 the magellans 341 00:15:00,470 --> 00:14:57,269 and built a perfect spacecraft 342 00:15:01,670 --> 00:15:00,480 um you know right right to the last inn 343 00:15:04,230 --> 00:15:01,680 i i 344 00:15:07,030 --> 00:15:04,240 we the the whole electronic system of 345 00:15:09,590 --> 00:15:07,040 the spacecraft ran at room temperature 346 00:15:11,509 --> 00:15:09,600 that's an amazing accomplishment and 347 00:15:14,150 --> 00:15:11,519 that speaks to all the individual 348 00:15:17,670 --> 00:15:15,350 that 349 00:15:19,030 --> 00:15:17,680 built the spacecraft to last 350 00:15:36,150 --> 00:15:19,040 the 351 00:15:38,230 --> 00:15:36,160 different trajectories chosen at this 352 00:15:39,829 --> 00:15:38,240 point and um 353 00:15:43,189 --> 00:15:39,839 i think the goal was to make all 354 00:15:43,990 --> 00:15:43,199 scientists equally unhappy that's right 355 00:15:50,710 --> 00:15:44,000 and 356 00:15:53,189 --> 00:15:50,720 i i think you saw this morning that we 357 00:15:55,990 --> 00:15:53,199 did we we got 358 00:16:00,470 --> 00:15:57,990 almost 30 seconds longer than we 359 00:16:02,629 --> 00:16:00,480 predicted it didn't seem like it to me 360 00:16:05,110 --> 00:16:02,639 because it was in the flash of an eye 361 00:16:07,110 --> 00:16:05,120 the all night long the minute seemed 362 00:16:10,710 --> 00:16:07,120 like a long time and then all of a 363 00:16:15,269 --> 00:16:13,269 casino cassini as a spacecraft could 364 00:16:18,150 --> 00:16:15,279 have gone on a long time but it it 365 00:16:20,470 --> 00:16:18,160 accomplished its mission at saturn 366 00:16:22,550 --> 00:16:20,480 we we did everything that the scientists 367 00:16:24,790 --> 00:16:22,560 asked us to do and 368 00:16:27,509 --> 00:16:24,800 and we're really over 369 00:16:28,790 --> 00:16:27,519 during that time we traveled 4.9 billion 370 00:16:29,590 --> 00:16:28,800 miles 371 00:16:30,350 --> 00:16:29,600 we 372 00:16:34,629 --> 00:16:30,360 did 373 00:16:37,670 --> 00:16:34,639 292 and a half 293 orbits all unique 374 00:16:39,670 --> 00:16:37,680 orbits around saturn shaped by the 375 00:16:43,030 --> 00:16:39,680 navigation team and by the spacecraft 376 00:16:45,509 --> 00:16:43,040 team by the nav saying point here and go 377 00:16:48,310 --> 00:16:45,519 change your your speed this way 378 00:16:51,710 --> 00:16:48,320 and um the spacecraft performing it 379 00:16:54,670 --> 00:16:51,720 flawlessly we did 380 00:16:59,509 --> 00:16:54,680 360 burns we planned 381 00:17:01,110 --> 00:16:59,519 472 maneuvers we played we executed 360. 382 00:17:02,470 --> 00:17:01,120 a little more than half of those on the 383 00:17:04,390 --> 00:17:02,480 main engine 384 00:17:05,590 --> 00:17:04,400 uh the other half on the on the other 385 00:17:08,870 --> 00:17:05,600 part 386 00:17:13,669 --> 00:17:11,110 you know the the last 22 387 00:17:14,949 --> 00:17:13,679 the last 21 weeks since april 388 00:17:16,710 --> 00:17:14,959 um 389 00:17:18,870 --> 00:17:16,720 i was a i was a lot more nervous in 390 00:17:21,350 --> 00:17:18,880 april when we when we went when we dove 391 00:17:23,029 --> 00:17:21,360 through the first time i could barely 392 00:17:24,789 --> 00:17:23,039 speak i could barely breathe when we 393 00:17:25,510 --> 00:17:24,799 when we were waiting for that signal to 394 00:17:27,029 --> 00:17:25,520 say 395 00:17:30,789 --> 00:17:27,039 that we got through 396 00:17:33,830 --> 00:17:32,870 and this last time i i have no words 397 00:17:35,750 --> 00:17:33,840 because 398 00:17:37,029 --> 00:17:35,760 it it did exactly what it said it was 399 00:17:37,830 --> 00:17:37,039 supposed to do 400 00:17:40,630 --> 00:17:37,840 um 401 00:17:43,590 --> 00:17:40,640 even better even better even better as 402 00:17:46,390 --> 00:17:43,600 as it as it always did as it always did 403 00:17:47,430 --> 00:17:46,400 i i can't at radio science you know made 404 00:17:49,430 --> 00:17:47,440 the call 405 00:17:50,390 --> 00:17:49,440 for the for the end of mission 406 00:17:54,870 --> 00:17:50,400 and 407 00:17:56,950 --> 00:17:54,880 i can't tell you guys radio science does 408 00:17:58,470 --> 00:17:56,960 they do these 30-hour 409 00:18:00,390 --> 00:17:58,480 long 410 00:18:02,789 --> 00:18:00,400 days and i see them stay 411 00:18:04,710 --> 00:18:02,799 in day after day after day 412 00:18:07,190 --> 00:18:04,720 dr zerbrooken 413 00:18:08,230 --> 00:18:07,200 referred to the fact that cassini will 414 00:18:09,669 --> 00:18:08,240 will have 415 00:18:11,190 --> 00:18:09,679 questions for the scientists that will 416 00:18:12,390 --> 00:18:11,200 keep them up at night 417 00:18:14,470 --> 00:18:12,400 well 418 00:18:17,110 --> 00:18:14,480 i no longer have a spacecraft that will 419 00:18:18,710 --> 00:18:17,120 keep me up at night 420 00:18:20,789 --> 00:18:18,720 and i think 421 00:18:23,909 --> 00:18:20,799 after a few days i think i'm going to 422 00:18:27,190 --> 00:18:25,430 and and 423 00:18:28,710 --> 00:18:27,200 don't ask me tomorrow if i'm ready to 424 00:18:31,830 --> 00:18:28,720 build another one but 425 00:18:33,909 --> 00:18:31,840 you can ask me next month 426 00:18:35,830 --> 00:18:33,919 earl earl thinks he has a hold on me for 427 00:18:37,590 --> 00:18:35,840 a year to write the engineering report 428 00:18:40,549 --> 00:18:37,600 and and we've got 429 00:18:43,350 --> 00:18:40,559 20 years of test labs and flight 430 00:18:46,470 --> 00:18:43,360 hardware and support hardware 431 00:18:47,830 --> 00:18:46,480 and a team of 150 people 432 00:18:50,470 --> 00:18:47,840 to 433 00:18:52,310 --> 00:18:50,480 disperse and break down but 434 00:18:53,750 --> 00:18:52,320 right to the end it did it did 435 00:18:55,669 --> 00:18:53,760 everything 436 00:18:57,270 --> 00:18:55,679 and i you know a lot of the team is in 437 00:18:59,029 --> 00:18:57,280 here right now and i want to thank again 438 00:19:01,750 --> 00:18:59,039 the navigation spacecraft team the 439 00:19:03,990 --> 00:19:01,760 real-time operations that also work the 440 00:19:06,070 --> 00:19:04,000 thankless hours that were the ones that 441 00:19:07,590 --> 00:19:06,080 called me in the middle of the night 442 00:19:10,710 --> 00:19:07,600 um 443 00:19:12,950 --> 00:19:10,720 it's just it went perfect it did 444 00:19:15,350 --> 00:19:12,960 everything it asked us to do even when 445 00:19:17,110 --> 00:19:15,360 it didn't do it it was because what we 446 00:19:18,870 --> 00:19:17,120 told it to do 447 00:19:21,430 --> 00:19:18,880 it was our fault it was our fault it 448 00:19:23,430 --> 00:19:21,440 still was our fault 449 00:19:27,430 --> 00:19:23,440 it's perfect 450 00:19:29,830 --> 00:19:27,440 and it's um 451 00:19:32,470 --> 00:19:29,840 i played the moody blues 452 00:19:34,789 --> 00:19:32,480 my wildest dreams coming in and out of 453 00:19:36,470 --> 00:19:34,799 the lab the last few days so i blasted 454 00:19:38,710 --> 00:19:36,480 in the car going home and i blasted 455 00:19:40,310 --> 00:19:38,720 coming back in 456 00:19:45,669 --> 00:19:40,320 this 457 00:19:45,679 --> 00:19:56,230 thank you julie 458 00:20:00,950 --> 00:19:58,870 okay and now over to linda spielker 459 00:20:04,630 --> 00:20:00,960 well for me this has been an incredible 460 00:20:05,510 --> 00:20:04,640 journey with cassini that spanned 30 461 00:20:07,430 --> 00:20:05,520 years 462 00:20:10,789 --> 00:20:07,440 i was with the mission from when it was 463 00:20:13,110 --> 00:20:10,799 just an idea after the voyager flybys 464 00:20:15,350 --> 00:20:13,120 and now to see it through to the end is 465 00:20:16,549 --> 00:20:15,360 truly amazing and to share that with my 466 00:20:21,110 --> 00:20:16,559 family 467 00:20:22,470 --> 00:20:21,120 what a wonderful experience 468 00:20:24,870 --> 00:20:22,480 when i look back over the cassini 469 00:20:28,549 --> 00:20:24,880 mission i i see a mission that was 470 00:20:30,070 --> 00:20:28,559 running a 13-year marathon of scientific 471 00:20:32,950 --> 00:20:30,080 discovery 472 00:20:36,470 --> 00:20:32,960 and this last orbit was just the last 473 00:20:39,110 --> 00:20:36,480 lap and so we stood in celebration of 474 00:20:41,190 --> 00:20:39,120 successfully completing the race 475 00:20:43,590 --> 00:20:41,200 and i know i stood there with a mixture 476 00:20:45,669 --> 00:20:43,600 of applause and tears 477 00:20:47,909 --> 00:20:45,679 because it felt so much like losing a 478 00:20:49,350 --> 00:20:47,919 friend some a spacecraft i'd gotten to 479 00:20:51,350 --> 00:20:49,360 know so well 480 00:20:53,909 --> 00:20:51,360 and yet in looking ahead you know both 481 00:20:57,270 --> 00:20:53,919 an end and a beginning there's so much 482 00:20:59,270 --> 00:20:57,280 left so much incredible science left 483 00:21:00,070 --> 00:20:59,280 to figure out and understand decades 484 00:21:03,270 --> 00:21:00,080 worth 485 00:21:05,190 --> 00:21:03,280 science that will span a generation 486 00:21:07,510 --> 00:21:05,200 when i think about cassini going in i 487 00:21:09,029 --> 00:21:07,520 know that there's a piece of me there 488 00:21:11,990 --> 00:21:09,039 in heart and soul 489 00:21:14,710 --> 00:21:12,000 because i know we signed our signatures 490 00:21:18,549 --> 00:21:14,720 on a list of sheets those sheets were 491 00:21:21,510 --> 00:21:18,559 scanned in and put on a cd and that cd 492 00:21:22,310 --> 00:21:21,520 is on board cassini so a little piece of 493 00:21:25,190 --> 00:21:22,320 me 494 00:21:28,070 --> 00:21:25,200 went into saturn's atmosphere along with 495 00:21:29,830 --> 00:21:28,080 cassini so what an incredible ride 496 00:21:31,830 --> 00:21:29,840 and just lasting for so long i want to 497 00:21:34,390 --> 00:21:31,840 step back just a little bit if we could 498 00:21:37,029 --> 00:21:34,400 go to the first slide please 499 00:21:38,870 --> 00:21:37,039 this is an image put together by our 500 00:21:42,310 --> 00:21:38,880 visual infrared mapping spectrometer 501 00:21:44,950 --> 00:21:42,320 team they did a spectacular job turning 502 00:21:48,070 --> 00:21:44,960 around this data set that just came down 503 00:21:50,149 --> 00:21:48,080 last night and this is a view in the far 504 00:21:52,710 --> 00:21:50,159 in the infrared at five microns you can 505 00:21:55,909 --> 00:21:52,720 see the heat energy coming out of saturn 506 00:21:57,510 --> 00:21:55,919 and this is the place where cassini took 507 00:22:00,789 --> 00:21:57,520 its final plunge and if we go to the 508 00:22:03,830 --> 00:22:00,799 next graphic see little area lips there 509 00:22:05,590 --> 00:22:03,840 that's where we think cassini went in to 510 00:22:07,590 --> 00:22:05,600 the atmosphere of saturn 511 00:22:09,350 --> 00:22:07,600 so you know what an incredible ride and 512 00:22:11,750 --> 00:22:09,360 to get that that was the very last set 513 00:22:13,909 --> 00:22:11,760 of vim's images that came back from 514 00:22:16,789 --> 00:22:13,919 cassini and so so here it is turned 515 00:22:19,110 --> 00:22:16,799 around very quickly for you to see 516 00:22:21,190 --> 00:22:19,120 if we go on to the next set we had our 517 00:22:22,870 --> 00:22:21,200 last downlink of images 518 00:22:26,149 --> 00:22:22,880 and i'll just look at this and you can 519 00:22:28,789 --> 00:22:26,159 share uh what we saw for our final set 520 00:22:31,750 --> 00:22:28,799 of images and data 521 00:22:35,110 --> 00:22:31,760 saturn enceladus setting behind saturn 522 00:22:39,590 --> 00:22:37,270 part of the mosaic of saturn and the 523 00:22:41,750 --> 00:22:39,600 rings in color our last look at this 524 00:22:42,789 --> 00:22:41,760 incredible system 525 00:22:44,950 --> 00:22:42,799 titan 526 00:22:47,909 --> 00:22:44,960 you can see the lakes and seas at the 527 00:22:51,669 --> 00:22:47,919 north pole and the haze at the limb 528 00:22:54,310 --> 00:22:51,679 and even better view of the lakes 529 00:22:56,149 --> 00:22:54,320 there's daftness creating its wake along 530 00:22:58,950 --> 00:22:56,159 the edge of the keeler gap and the 531 00:23:01,430 --> 00:22:58,960 beautiful structure in the rings 532 00:23:03,270 --> 00:23:01,440 [Music] 533 00:23:06,070 --> 00:23:03,280 another view looking out across the 534 00:23:07,830 --> 00:23:06,080 rings the bright b ring the dark cassini 535 00:23:09,190 --> 00:23:07,840 division snuggled next to it 536 00:23:10,870 --> 00:23:09,200 [Music] 537 00:23:12,549 --> 00:23:10,880 views that we're going to miss for a 538 00:23:14,630 --> 00:23:12,559 long time to come 539 00:23:17,029 --> 00:23:14,640 that little tiny propeller a little 540 00:23:19,750 --> 00:23:17,039 object just above the dark gap 541 00:23:22,870 --> 00:23:19,760 a large set of ring particles together 542 00:23:29,270 --> 00:23:22,880 trying to force open a gap and here's 543 00:23:33,110 --> 00:23:31,350 so what an incredible incredible 544 00:23:34,710 --> 00:23:33,120 wonderful set of data 545 00:23:37,029 --> 00:23:34,720 as we went into the atmosphere we had 546 00:23:38,549 --> 00:23:37,039 eight of our science instruments on 547 00:23:40,549 --> 00:23:38,559 including the ion and neutral mass 548 00:23:42,870 --> 00:23:40,559 spectrometer we had the magnetometer we 549 00:23:45,430 --> 00:23:42,880 were collecting gravity data 550 00:23:46,390 --> 00:23:45,440 there to answer questions about saturn 551 00:23:48,950 --> 00:23:46,400 itself 552 00:23:51,510 --> 00:23:48,960 but in particular trying to understand 553 00:23:53,830 --> 00:23:51,520 as we probe deeper into the atmosphere 554 00:23:55,510 --> 00:23:53,840 the hydrogen to helium ratio 555 00:23:57,430 --> 00:23:55,520 you can't measure helium unless you're 556 00:24:00,070 --> 00:23:57,440 directly measuring you can infer it you 557 00:24:02,470 --> 00:24:00,080 can model it but to be there and 558 00:24:04,549 --> 00:24:02,480 directly measure and sample 559 00:24:06,630 --> 00:24:04,559 that was absolutely amazing and so that 560 00:24:08,630 --> 00:24:06,640 team is hard at work right now 561 00:24:11,110 --> 00:24:08,640 of looking at their data and trying to 562 00:24:12,549 --> 00:24:11,120 assess what they saw in those very final 563 00:24:14,549 --> 00:24:12,559 moments and i'm sure they'll be very 564 00:24:16,390 --> 00:24:14,559 happy that julie was able to get the 565 00:24:19,909 --> 00:24:16,400 spacecraft to survive 566 00:24:21,269 --> 00:24:19,919 those extra seconds as we plunged on in 567 00:24:23,190 --> 00:24:21,279 and then of course the longer term 568 00:24:24,070 --> 00:24:23,200 analysis as i said that will go on for 569 00:24:25,669 --> 00:24:24,080 years 570 00:24:27,590 --> 00:24:25,679 and i just want to thank everyone as 571 00:24:28,870 --> 00:24:27,600 well in particular the international 572 00:24:30,870 --> 00:24:28,880 science team 573 00:24:34,310 --> 00:24:30,880 a lot of them are down at caltech we had 574 00:24:36,230 --> 00:24:34,320 too many to try and fit all at jpl and 575 00:24:37,750 --> 00:24:36,240 so they're down and they've been 576 00:24:40,710 --> 00:24:37,760 celebrating and i've heard having a 577 00:24:43,190 --> 00:24:40,720 great time from the reports i've heard 578 00:24:46,390 --> 00:24:43,200 and also to thank the public as earl 579 00:24:48,470 --> 00:24:46,400 said who have come along with us 580 00:24:51,830 --> 00:24:48,480 and when i think about cassini i think 581 00:24:53,669 --> 00:24:51,840 cassini's final gift to humanity was the 582 00:24:55,590 --> 00:24:53,679 fact that we knew the day 583 00:24:57,750 --> 00:24:55,600 the hour the minute 584 00:24:59,909 --> 00:24:57,760 and now the second of the plunge and so 585 00:25:02,149 --> 00:24:59,919 we could gather together with the 586 00:25:04,630 --> 00:25:02,159 scientists the engineers 587 00:25:07,590 --> 00:25:04,640 with the public with our own families 588 00:25:09,190 --> 00:25:07,600 you can think of us as a giant worldwide 589 00:25:11,190 --> 00:25:09,200 cassini family 590 00:25:12,230 --> 00:25:11,200 and share this final moment of the 591 00:25:14,870 --> 00:25:12,240 plunge 592 00:25:16,630 --> 00:25:14,880 and have that memory to add to our 593 00:25:18,310 --> 00:25:16,640 cassini scrapbooks 594 00:25:20,710 --> 00:25:18,320 and if i had one thing i could say to 595 00:25:24,710 --> 00:25:20,720 cassini i'd say goodbye cassini 596 00:25:28,070 --> 00:25:24,720 thanks for the ringside seat at saturn 597 00:25:37,990 --> 00:25:28,080 and as thomas said we'll be back thank 598 00:25:42,390 --> 00:25:40,149 okay thank you linda so we're now going 599 00:25:43,750 --> 00:25:42,400 to go into the question and answer part 600 00:25:46,390 --> 00:25:43,760 of our briefing 601 00:25:48,390 --> 00:25:46,400 so a reminder for reporters on the phone 602 00:25:49,269 --> 00:25:48,400 press star 1 and you'll get put into the 603 00:25:52,149 --> 00:25:49,279 queue 604 00:25:55,110 --> 00:25:52,159 we'll have social media questions with 605 00:25:56,710 --> 00:25:55,120 ask nasa and anyone here in the room if 606 00:25:58,789 --> 00:25:56,720 you'll raise your hand we'll bring a mic 607 00:26:00,149 --> 00:25:58,799 around and you can stand up and ask a 608 00:26:01,269 --> 00:26:00,159 question so 609 00:26:02,310 --> 00:26:01,279 do we have any questions here in the 610 00:26:04,549 --> 00:26:02,320 room 611 00:26:07,590 --> 00:26:04,559 we have one right there 612 00:26:09,430 --> 00:26:07,600 uh hi thank you all and congratulations 613 00:26:10,950 --> 00:26:09,440 calcofieldwithspace.com 614 00:26:13,110 --> 00:26:10,960 i know it was a long shot but just 615 00:26:15,350 --> 00:26:13,120 wondering if any of those telescopes in 616 00:26:17,990 --> 00:26:15,360 the uh you know over by australia and in 617 00:26:20,710 --> 00:26:18,000 that area actually saw the flash of 618 00:26:23,110 --> 00:26:20,720 saturn of cassini going into saturn 619 00:26:24,710 --> 00:26:23,120 i haven't heard any reports back about 620 00:26:26,710 --> 00:26:24,720 that yet and 621 00:26:27,830 --> 00:26:26,720 it was a long shot and maybe we'll see 622 00:26:29,190 --> 00:26:27,840 something 623 00:26:30,390 --> 00:26:29,200 and i was wondering if you could also 624 00:26:32,470 --> 00:26:30,400 just mention um because you mentioned 625 00:26:33,430 --> 00:26:32,480 the science instruments going into the 626 00:26:35,029 --> 00:26:33,440 planet 627 00:26:36,870 --> 00:26:35,039 how much hope do you have that those 628 00:26:38,630 --> 00:26:36,880 measurements are going to help you 629 00:26:40,310 --> 00:26:38,640 finally figure out the rotation the 630 00:26:41,990 --> 00:26:40,320 internal rotation rate of saturn and the 631 00:26:45,269 --> 00:26:42,000 the length of the day 632 00:26:46,710 --> 00:26:45,279 well michelle is here and she's 633 00:26:48,950 --> 00:26:46,720 looking pretty grim but i know she's 634 00:26:54,390 --> 00:26:48,960 going to work really hard to figure that 635 00:26:57,350 --> 00:26:55,830 michelle there you go 636 00:26:59,350 --> 00:26:57,360 i mean you know one of the things that 637 00:27:01,029 --> 00:26:59,360 we were hoping is if we take data for as 638 00:27:02,630 --> 00:27:01,039 long as possible on the way in that will 639 00:27:04,549 --> 00:27:02,640 get us closer to the planet than 640 00:27:07,029 --> 00:27:04,559 anything's ever been and we need to do 641 00:27:09,029 --> 00:27:07,039 that to be able to try and resolve the 642 00:27:09,909 --> 00:27:09,039 tilt between the dipole and the rotation 643 00:27:11,909 --> 00:27:09,919 axis 644 00:27:13,830 --> 00:27:11,919 i'm hoping we can do it i'm not going to 645 00:27:18,070 --> 00:27:13,840 promise but ask me in three months time 646 00:27:22,549 --> 00:27:19,590 we have some other questions over here 647 00:27:26,630 --> 00:27:24,070 emily lochtawa from the planetary 648 00:27:28,870 --> 00:27:26,640 society um we were watching two graphs 649 00:27:30,390 --> 00:27:28,880 uh right down toward the end one of them 650 00:27:31,190 --> 00:27:30,400 flatlined a little earlier than the 651 00:27:32,950 --> 00:27:31,200 other 652 00:27:34,390 --> 00:27:32,960 and the bottom one seemed to kind of go 653 00:27:35,669 --> 00:27:34,400 up and down a little bit can you tell us 654 00:27:37,029 --> 00:27:35,679 what was happening what were the two 655 00:27:38,950 --> 00:27:37,039 different ones and what was happening 656 00:27:41,190 --> 00:27:38,960 there you were watching the radio 657 00:27:44,149 --> 00:27:41,200 science signal the carrier 658 00:27:46,549 --> 00:27:44,159 the actual x x-band carrier was the top 659 00:27:48,789 --> 00:27:46,559 one that that's the one that's the eight 660 00:27:50,390 --> 00:27:48,799 gigahertz signal that we have our uh 661 00:27:52,470 --> 00:27:50,400 telemetry on 662 00:27:54,870 --> 00:27:52,480 and the other one was a radio science 663 00:27:57,190 --> 00:27:54,880 signal that was coherent with that at 664 00:28:00,389 --> 00:27:57,200 two two gigahertz down 665 00:28:02,789 --> 00:28:00,399 uh lower than it so we expected 666 00:28:05,029 --> 00:28:02,799 that the s band would last longer than 667 00:28:07,909 --> 00:28:05,039 the x the x is when we cut off the 668 00:28:10,149 --> 00:28:07,919 telemetry but because the x has a wider 669 00:28:13,510 --> 00:28:10,159 beam width pattern that it would last 670 00:28:15,830 --> 00:28:13,520 and you may i i don't know if if a seal 671 00:28:18,870 --> 00:28:15,840 or elias can answer that you may have 672 00:28:21,269 --> 00:28:18,880 seen a couple of side bands coming down 673 00:28:23,269 --> 00:28:21,279 for the for the sbn they have they have 674 00:28:26,070 --> 00:28:23,279 pretty dramatic and you might have seen 675 00:28:28,710 --> 00:28:26,080 a little on the x but it it it goes way 676 00:28:31,269 --> 00:28:28,720 way down into a first null uh in less 677 00:28:33,590 --> 00:28:31,279 than a degree and then it might have 678 00:28:36,789 --> 00:28:33,600 bounced up after that but 679 00:28:38,710 --> 00:28:36,799 it was a sideband of s-ban 680 00:28:40,549 --> 00:28:38,720 okay sorry 681 00:28:42,710 --> 00:28:40,559 sarah hi uh sarah kaplan from the 682 00:28:44,950 --> 00:28:42,720 washington post um linda you showed us 683 00:28:46,630 --> 00:28:44,960 that image of the infrared image of the 684 00:28:48,870 --> 00:28:46,640 spot where cassini 685 00:28:50,310 --> 00:28:48,880 probably disintegrated can you tell us 686 00:28:53,990 --> 00:28:50,320 anything about that spot and sort of 687 00:28:57,269 --> 00:28:55,269 yeah i haven't looked in any detail 688 00:28:58,870 --> 00:28:57,279 maybe bob brown who's back here do you 689 00:29:03,350 --> 00:28:58,880 know anything about that region of the 690 00:29:06,070 --> 00:29:04,470 thanks mom 691 00:29:09,430 --> 00:29:06,080 i guess i would call it a j random 692 00:29:11,750 --> 00:29:09,440 saturn atmosphere around 10 degrees 693 00:29:13,110 --> 00:29:11,760 of latitude 694 00:29:16,870 --> 00:29:13,120 we 695 00:29:20,389 --> 00:29:16,880 image that site 696 00:29:21,990 --> 00:29:20,399 a few months back and because the impact 697 00:29:23,830 --> 00:29:22,000 took place on the dark side and because 698 00:29:26,389 --> 00:29:23,840 we can see in the dark 699 00:29:28,630 --> 00:29:26,399 what you see there is the thermal 700 00:29:30,950 --> 00:29:28,640 heat image from saturn it's the heat 701 00:29:34,870 --> 00:29:30,960 leaking out of saturn's interior we took 702 00:29:38,470 --> 00:29:37,430 sorry when was that image taken 703 00:29:41,350 --> 00:29:38,480 about 704 00:29:43,430 --> 00:29:41,360 15 hours ago thank you 705 00:29:44,870 --> 00:29:43,440 okay great any other questions in the 706 00:29:47,590 --> 00:29:44,880 room 707 00:29:49,909 --> 00:29:47,600 okay we're going to go to the phones 708 00:29:52,070 --> 00:29:49,919 we have marcia dunn of the ap on the 709 00:29:54,710 --> 00:29:52,080 line please go ahead 710 00:29:55,590 --> 00:29:54,720 yes hello thank you i'm just wondering 711 00:29:57,750 --> 00:29:55,600 um 712 00:30:00,870 --> 00:29:57,760 if the toasts have begun yet is there 713 00:30:02,630 --> 00:30:00,880 champagne in store for the team um 714 00:30:05,909 --> 00:30:02,640 it's morning or afternoon 715 00:30:07,430 --> 00:30:05,919 what what's next for celebrations 716 00:30:10,630 --> 00:30:07,440 well the science team is going to get 717 00:30:11,669 --> 00:30:10,640 together uh later this afternoon uh and 718 00:30:13,669 --> 00:30:11,679 we're going to get together and 719 00:30:16,950 --> 00:30:13,679 celebrate and reminisce about the good 720 00:30:21,430 --> 00:30:18,870 the flight team is going to get some 721 00:30:25,269 --> 00:30:23,190 and we're going to get together on on 722 00:30:26,789 --> 00:30:25,279 sunday afternoon but i don't think we're 723 00:30:30,149 --> 00:30:26,799 going to wait until then to open the 724 00:30:33,669 --> 00:30:32,230 okay well let's go to some social media 725 00:30:36,630 --> 00:30:33,679 questions 726 00:30:38,870 --> 00:30:36,640 kendra so nancy asks as cassini's 727 00:30:40,630 --> 00:30:38,880 journey ends what questions you do you 728 00:30:44,149 --> 00:30:40,640 have left that you would like to see 729 00:30:45,990 --> 00:30:44,159 explored in future missions to saturn 730 00:30:48,549 --> 00:30:46,000 for future missions to saturn i think 731 00:30:49,990 --> 00:30:48,559 there are a lot of possibilities one 732 00:30:51,669 --> 00:30:50,000 certainly involves the tiny moon 733 00:30:53,110 --> 00:30:51,679 enceladus 734 00:30:55,350 --> 00:30:53,120 and the potential for life in that 735 00:30:57,269 --> 00:30:55,360 global ocean is there life in that ocean 736 00:30:59,909 --> 00:30:57,279 to go back with the instruments to 737 00:31:02,149 --> 00:30:59,919 sample through the plume titan 738 00:31:04,870 --> 00:31:02,159 you know the potential for astrobiology 739 00:31:06,870 --> 00:31:04,880 in the oceans on titan to have something 740 00:31:08,630 --> 00:31:06,880 perhaps to land and figure that out also 741 00:31:10,389 --> 00:31:08,640 the source of methane and titan's 742 00:31:13,990 --> 00:31:10,399 atmosphere that keeps the atmosphere as 743 00:31:15,990 --> 00:31:14,000 extensive as it is the hexagon what's 744 00:31:18,389 --> 00:31:16,000 keeping it going and going and going 745 00:31:20,710 --> 00:31:18,399 like the energizer bunny it just 746 00:31:23,190 --> 00:31:20,720 keeps going also there's questions about 747 00:31:25,430 --> 00:31:23,200 the rings can we get even closer and 748 00:31:28,070 --> 00:31:25,440 look at those individual ring particles 749 00:31:29,830 --> 00:31:28,080 to try and understand what's going on 750 00:31:30,870 --> 00:31:29,840 so lots of questions remain and that's 751 00:31:33,110 --> 00:31:30,880 why i say 752 00:31:34,950 --> 00:31:33,120 we have to go back 753 00:31:35,830 --> 00:31:34,960 let's take another social media question 754 00:31:37,669 --> 00:31:35,840 sure 755 00:31:40,549 --> 00:31:37,679 parth is asking which is a great 756 00:31:42,310 --> 00:31:40,559 follow-up what's the next probe 757 00:31:44,149 --> 00:31:42,320 what is the next probe or spacecraft 758 00:31:47,350 --> 00:31:44,159 that will be sent to saturn 759 00:31:50,070 --> 00:31:47,360 who will have to ask nasa and about that 760 00:31:51,430 --> 00:31:50,080 june green about that 761 00:31:53,350 --> 00:31:51,440 oh sorry go 762 00:31:54,549 --> 00:31:53,360 well can we get a mic to jim green oh 763 00:31:56,470 --> 00:31:54,559 there we go 764 00:31:59,110 --> 00:31:56,480 so i'm jim green i'm the director of 765 00:32:01,110 --> 00:31:59,120 planetary science at nasa and currently 766 00:32:02,950 --> 00:32:01,120 we're conducting a competition we call 767 00:32:05,669 --> 00:32:02,960 new frontiers 768 00:32:09,590 --> 00:32:05,679 and in that call for proposals we 769 00:32:11,509 --> 00:32:09,600 included enceladus and titan 770 00:32:13,990 --> 00:32:11,519 so hang tight going through the 771 00:32:16,470 --> 00:32:14,000 evaluations now and by the end of the 772 00:32:18,230 --> 00:32:16,480 year we'll start announcing uh what are 773 00:32:20,149 --> 00:32:18,240 some of the finalists that we'll look in 774 00:32:21,909 --> 00:32:20,159 greater detail at 775 00:32:23,509 --> 00:32:21,919 there's also a saturn pro mission i 776 00:32:25,269 --> 00:32:23,519 think in that there's a saturn probe 777 00:32:28,710 --> 00:32:25,279 nest thank you very much linda there is 778 00:32:30,870 --> 00:32:28,720 indeed the saturn already for decades in 779 00:32:32,549 --> 00:32:30,880 terms of being able to get into the 780 00:32:35,350 --> 00:32:32,559 get into the clouds and really 781 00:32:37,350 --> 00:32:35,360 understand its composition and and uh 782 00:32:39,509 --> 00:32:37,360 much more about it uh saturn probe was 783 00:32:41,350 --> 00:32:39,519 also on that list thank you right and 784 00:32:43,350 --> 00:32:41,360 casino is really sort of a micro probe 785 00:32:45,190 --> 00:32:43,360 just looking at the very top level and 786 00:32:47,830 --> 00:32:45,200 so this probe would go much deeper like 787 00:32:49,590 --> 00:32:47,840 the galileo pro 788 00:32:51,269 --> 00:32:49,600 okay great just a reminder again if 789 00:32:52,870 --> 00:32:51,279 you're on the phone star one for 790 00:32:54,070 --> 00:32:52,880 reporter questions and if you're in here 791 00:32:55,669 --> 00:32:54,080 raise your hand 792 00:32:58,290 --> 00:32:55,679 we have a we have a follow-up question 793 00:33:01,750 --> 00:32:59,669 [Music] 794 00:33:03,350 --> 00:33:01,760 so emily lochtawa with follow-up um what 795 00:33:05,190 --> 00:33:03,360 does it mean that you had this signal 796 00:33:07,430 --> 00:33:05,200 for 30 seconds longer is that just the 797 00:33:09,509 --> 00:33:07,440 usual over performance of the dsn and 798 00:33:11,029 --> 00:33:09,519 locking on the spacecraft or does it 799 00:33:13,190 --> 00:33:11,039 mean that the spacecraft was able to 800 00:33:14,789 --> 00:33:13,200 fight the atmosphere for longer 801 00:33:16,950 --> 00:33:14,799 i think it's a little bit of of 802 00:33:18,630 --> 00:33:16,960 everything the spacecraft i think we did 803 00:33:21,190 --> 00:33:18,640 come in a little bit later than we 804 00:33:22,470 --> 00:33:21,200 thought um and 805 00:33:24,630 --> 00:33:22,480 that just 806 00:33:26,630 --> 00:33:24,640 didn't delay the the demise it just 807 00:33:29,029 --> 00:33:26,640 delayed the start of it but we always 808 00:33:30,230 --> 00:33:29,039 thought the dsn has just been phenomenal 809 00:33:32,070 --> 00:33:30,240 they've been tuned in as well as you 810 00:33:34,549 --> 00:33:32,080 could and the spacecraft 811 00:33:36,710 --> 00:33:34,559 you know the all of our modeling is is 812 00:33:39,350 --> 00:33:36,720 we don't have any real world experience 813 00:33:42,070 --> 00:33:39,360 with this and so to be within 13 seconds 814 00:33:45,110 --> 00:33:42,080 of our predict is for us that's a that's 815 00:33:48,630 --> 00:33:46,950 okay let's uh oh we have another 816 00:33:50,870 --> 00:33:48,640 reporter question here oh she's coming 817 00:33:52,549 --> 00:33:50,880 right behind you 818 00:33:55,590 --> 00:33:52,559 thank you uh lisa grossman from science 819 00:33:57,830 --> 00:33:55,600 news can you just confirm what the the 820 00:33:59,190 --> 00:33:57,840 actual times were for the 821 00:34:00,710 --> 00:33:59,200 um 822 00:34:02,389 --> 00:34:00,720 atmosphere insertion and then loss of 823 00:34:06,389 --> 00:34:02,399 signal because are they different from 824 00:34:10,710 --> 00:34:06,399 what was projected yeah it was uh 11 55 825 00:34:12,349 --> 00:34:10,720 39 for the x-band signal which also cost 826 00:34:15,909 --> 00:34:12,359 the telemetry and 827 00:34:18,550 --> 00:34:15,919 1155-46 for s 828 00:34:20,869 --> 00:34:18,560 loss of signal and we had predicted much 829 00:34:23,349 --> 00:34:20,879 to my embarrassment uh yesterday's press 830 00:34:24,790 --> 00:34:23,359 conference i uh called it that's that's 831 00:34:27,349 --> 00:34:24,800 that's utc 832 00:34:28,669 --> 00:34:27,359 also okay so well it's 833 00:34:30,230 --> 00:34:28,679 we called 834 00:34:32,470 --> 00:34:30,240 455.16 835 00:34:34,470 --> 00:34:32,480 i unfortunately announced 06. but the 836 00:34:36,710 --> 00:34:34,480 real the baseline we were working from 837 00:34:40,550 --> 00:34:36,720 was 5516 838 00:34:42,389 --> 00:34:40,560 and we lost x-band at 55.39 and that 839 00:34:44,950 --> 00:34:42,399 essentially is when we lost 840 00:34:46,710 --> 00:34:44,960 data spacecraft of course was going to 841 00:34:48,950 --> 00:34:46,720 last longer on for at least another 842 00:34:51,750 --> 00:34:48,960 minute but then and of course the s ban 843 00:34:52,629 --> 00:34:51,760 did go a little bit longer 844 00:34:54,149 --> 00:34:52,639 okay 845 00:34:55,349 --> 00:34:54,159 let's take another question from social 846 00:34:56,310 --> 00:34:55,359 media 847 00:34:58,870 --> 00:34:56,320 sure 848 00:35:01,030 --> 00:34:58,880 this question is from orion 849 00:35:02,470 --> 00:35:01,040 did cassini have only options to rush 850 00:35:03,910 --> 00:35:02,480 into saturn i would like to know if 851 00:35:05,670 --> 00:35:03,920 there are other ideas that have been 852 00:35:08,310 --> 00:35:05,680 considered 853 00:35:10,310 --> 00:35:08,320 we had lots of different ideas 854 00:35:11,829 --> 00:35:10,320 and what really came down to it let me 855 00:35:12,950 --> 00:35:11,839 just give you a few of the different 856 00:35:14,710 --> 00:35:12,960 flavors 857 00:35:17,510 --> 00:35:14,720 we could have left the saturn system 858 00:35:19,349 --> 00:35:17,520 altogether and gone to jupiter 859 00:35:20,870 --> 00:35:19,359 or out to euros 860 00:35:23,190 --> 00:35:20,880 those were very long 861 00:35:24,790 --> 00:35:23,200 missions and we would not be chatting 862 00:35:26,790 --> 00:35:24,800 about them and probably our children 863 00:35:28,790 --> 00:35:26,800 would not be chatting about them uh 864 00:35:30,470 --> 00:35:28,800 they're very long and there were several 865 00:35:32,310 --> 00:35:30,480 options so those were discarded pretty 866 00:35:34,310 --> 00:35:32,320 much immediately but as an exercise 867 00:35:36,390 --> 00:35:34,320 could we leave the system there's also 868 00:35:37,910 --> 00:35:36,400 centaur asteroid mission that was was 869 00:35:39,750 --> 00:35:37,920 actually achievable 870 00:35:41,589 --> 00:35:39,760 um 871 00:35:44,550 --> 00:35:41,599 staying at saturn 872 00:35:46,630 --> 00:35:44,560 we could have gone into first of all 873 00:35:47,990 --> 00:35:46,640 if we stay at saturn the cassini 874 00:35:49,750 --> 00:35:48,000 spacecraft 875 00:35:51,910 --> 00:35:49,760 must be 876 00:35:54,150 --> 00:35:51,920 put into a safe place there are 877 00:35:56,630 --> 00:35:54,160 international treaties that require us 878 00:35:58,390 --> 00:35:56,640 not to leave an untended spacecraft in 879 00:36:00,230 --> 00:35:58,400 the inner system where it might 880 00:36:02,950 --> 00:36:00,240 inadvertently collide with 881 00:36:05,190 --> 00:36:02,960 enceladus which we know is just rife 882 00:36:07,589 --> 00:36:05,200 with all of the materials for life titan 883 00:36:09,670 --> 00:36:07,599 or any of the other icy satellites so if 884 00:36:11,589 --> 00:36:09,680 we stayed inside the saturn system we 885 00:36:13,430 --> 00:36:11,599 had to dispose of the spacecraft somehow 886 00:36:15,109 --> 00:36:13,440 well then it becomes where's the best 887 00:36:17,270 --> 00:36:15,119 science well it's inside the saturn 888 00:36:20,390 --> 00:36:17,280 system it's not way out at the edges 889 00:36:22,710 --> 00:36:20,400 it's inside so seven years ago we began 890 00:36:25,270 --> 00:36:22,720 a mission that 891 00:36:26,790 --> 00:36:25,280 planned to use every last kilogram of 892 00:36:29,349 --> 00:36:26,800 our propellant 893 00:36:31,349 --> 00:36:29,359 and finish up exactly the way we did 894 00:36:33,109 --> 00:36:31,359 we knew that these final 22 orbits were 895 00:36:34,550 --> 00:36:33,119 very risky so we didn't want to put them 896 00:36:36,470 --> 00:36:34,560 in the middle because then we would 897 00:36:37,750 --> 00:36:36,480 maybe not come back out so it turns out 898 00:36:39,510 --> 00:36:37,760 they weren't anywhere near as risky as 899 00:36:42,470 --> 00:36:39,520 we thought so we could have done a lot 900 00:36:44,550 --> 00:36:42,480 more but you know that's all hindsight 901 00:36:45,750 --> 00:36:44,560 so there were lots of other options but 902 00:36:46,950 --> 00:36:45,760 this was 903 00:36:49,109 --> 00:36:46,960 by far 904 00:36:51,349 --> 00:36:49,119 the best cassini going out with the 905 00:36:53,750 --> 00:36:51,359 empty tank of gas at the very top of its 906 00:36:57,349 --> 00:36:53,760 game and is scientifically unexplored 907 00:37:00,630 --> 00:36:58,710 great okay we have another reported 908 00:37:02,710 --> 00:37:00,640 question in the room 909 00:37:05,030 --> 00:37:02,720 hi there steve futterman from cbs news i 910 00:37:06,950 --> 00:37:05,040 want to ask the three of you 911 00:37:08,630 --> 00:37:06,960 a question that's not really concerns 912 00:37:11,109 --> 00:37:08,640 the data or what you've discovered but 913 00:37:13,589 --> 00:37:11,119 just sort of the the human side of this 914 00:37:15,670 --> 00:37:13,599 mission this spacecraft we all know the 915 00:37:18,310 --> 00:37:15,680 story of pinocchio the wooden dial that 916 00:37:20,150 --> 00:37:18,320 becomes human i'm wondering 917 00:37:23,109 --> 00:37:20,160 what was going through your heart and 918 00:37:24,950 --> 00:37:23,119 soul today as this came to an end i'm 919 00:37:27,750 --> 00:37:24,960 not suggesting it became like a child to 920 00:37:31,589 --> 00:37:27,760 you but what did cassini mean to you 921 00:37:36,950 --> 00:37:34,390 yes yes it does her i mean what can you 922 00:37:39,670 --> 00:37:36,960 say we've been with the spacecraft off 923 00:37:40,950 --> 00:37:39,680 and on since since uh since launch i 924 00:37:43,670 --> 00:37:40,960 haven't been on the mission the entire 925 00:37:46,390 --> 00:37:43,680 time but i i helped build it i helped 926 00:37:49,270 --> 00:37:46,400 launch it i've been through up 20 years 927 00:37:51,910 --> 00:37:49,280 with it it is an extension of ourselves 928 00:37:54,150 --> 00:37:51,920 an extension in in kind of the the more 929 00:37:57,430 --> 00:37:54,160 anthropomorphic sense but also in our 930 00:37:58,790 --> 00:37:57,440 senses itself we are out at saturn 931 00:38:01,510 --> 00:37:58,800 every day 932 00:38:04,069 --> 00:38:01,520 we get a call back home we get data we 933 00:38:06,550 --> 00:38:04,079 get images we know what's going on out 934 00:38:08,870 --> 00:38:06,560 there and that is an extension i believe 935 00:38:11,589 --> 00:38:08,880 of all of us we believe of ourselves and 936 00:38:13,990 --> 00:38:11,599 so that's gone there's a there's a loss 937 00:38:16,390 --> 00:38:14,000 if it if i can talk about it being a 938 00:38:18,390 --> 00:38:16,400 robot that's it's uh it finished the end 939 00:38:20,630 --> 00:38:18,400 of its serviceable life that needs to be 940 00:38:21,990 --> 00:38:20,640 put into the junk pile but you know now 941 00:38:23,589 --> 00:38:22,000 of course 942 00:38:24,950 --> 00:38:23,599 there's element of truth to that there's 943 00:38:27,829 --> 00:38:24,960 also an element of truth that has been 944 00:38:29,750 --> 00:38:27,839 our companion and and our dutiful 945 00:38:32,069 --> 00:38:29,760 servant for many many dec several 946 00:38:34,470 --> 00:38:32,079 decades and so there yeah it is a loss 947 00:38:37,030 --> 00:38:34,480 but there's also a sense of serenity and 948 00:38:39,109 --> 00:38:37,040 peace with that because we've done 949 00:38:41,190 --> 00:38:39,119 exactly what we believe is the correct 950 00:38:45,109 --> 00:38:41,200 thing and so there's 951 00:38:46,790 --> 00:38:45,119 it's a whole potpourri you name it 952 00:38:48,870 --> 00:38:46,800 yeah i think for me there's a core of 953 00:38:51,349 --> 00:38:48,880 sadness and and part in thinking about 954 00:38:53,750 --> 00:38:51,359 the breakup of the cassini family coming 955 00:38:55,430 --> 00:38:53,760 into work on monday morning and 956 00:38:57,270 --> 00:38:55,440 knowing that there'll be empty offices 957 00:38:59,430 --> 00:38:57,280 there and the people i could just stop 958 00:39:01,750 --> 00:38:59,440 by to chat with we'll be off often doing 959 00:39:03,510 --> 00:39:01,760 other things and but it's both an end 960 00:39:05,750 --> 00:39:03,520 and a beginning as these people go off 961 00:39:07,910 --> 00:39:05,760 and work on other things but i also feel 962 00:39:09,510 --> 00:39:07,920 a tremendous sense of pride to have 963 00:39:11,829 --> 00:39:09,520 worked on this mission 964 00:39:12,950 --> 00:39:11,839 over so many decades and to see the 965 00:39:15,349 --> 00:39:12,960 fruition 966 00:39:16,950 --> 00:39:15,359 of this particular mission 967 00:39:17,990 --> 00:39:16,960 although part of the sadness is thinking 968 00:39:19,910 --> 00:39:18,000 about 969 00:39:21,510 --> 00:39:19,920 you know cassini has revealed 970 00:39:24,550 --> 00:39:21,520 saturn as familiar as our own 971 00:39:26,630 --> 00:39:24,560 neighborhood might be and now for a time 972 00:39:28,950 --> 00:39:26,640 until we go back 973 00:39:31,270 --> 00:39:28,960 that's a distant very distant world now 974 00:39:33,750 --> 00:39:31,280 just like a small little world in a 975 00:39:36,150 --> 00:39:33,760 telescope and those details of the rings 976 00:39:39,910 --> 00:39:36,160 those tiny moons snuggled in so close 977 00:39:42,950 --> 00:39:39,920 those are all gone until we go back 978 00:39:45,109 --> 00:39:42,960 i think it's the loss of the of the the 979 00:39:47,750 --> 00:39:45,119 day-to-day you know we're 980 00:39:49,589 --> 00:39:47,760 we're in the trenches working this all 981 00:39:52,950 --> 00:39:49,599 the time you know with a with a core 982 00:39:55,829 --> 00:39:52,960 team of people that you see every day 983 00:39:58,950 --> 00:39:55,839 for eight hours plus and 984 00:40:00,870 --> 00:39:58,960 sometimes a lot longer than that and and 985 00:40:03,270 --> 00:40:00,880 i don't know if did earl say that we 986 00:40:05,589 --> 00:40:03,280 stepped on you know that the celestial 987 00:40:08,150 --> 00:40:05,599 mechanics does not recognize u.s 988 00:40:10,790 --> 00:40:08,160 holidays or european holidays 989 00:40:13,270 --> 00:40:10,800 we stomped on every christmas every 990 00:40:15,270 --> 00:40:13,280 thanksgiving we were always either doing 991 00:40:16,870 --> 00:40:15,280 a maneuver or something went wrong with 992 00:40:20,150 --> 00:40:16,880 the spacecraft 993 00:40:22,390 --> 00:40:20,160 and so for our families um 994 00:40:24,790 --> 00:40:22,400 maybe they will be glad not to have the 995 00:40:26,630 --> 00:40:24,800 pager go off in the middle of the night 996 00:40:28,470 --> 00:40:26,640 or in the middle of dinner going oh 997 00:40:31,190 --> 00:40:28,480 sorry i got to run i got to go take care 998 00:40:34,870 --> 00:40:32,790 and it's it's the loss of that 999 00:40:36,230 --> 00:40:34,880 camaraderie i think 1000 00:40:37,829 --> 00:40:36,240 for me 1001 00:40:39,829 --> 00:40:37,839 and i really thought i was going to be 1002 00:40:41,670 --> 00:40:39,839 more sad about the spacecraft but you 1003 00:40:44,790 --> 00:40:41,680 can't i i'm not 1004 00:40:49,030 --> 00:40:44,800 the spacecraft did everything we ask it 1005 00:40:50,950 --> 00:40:49,040 to do everything right to the very end 1006 00:40:52,630 --> 00:40:50,960 that's that's all you can do for anybody 1007 00:40:54,950 --> 00:40:52,640 that's all you that's all you want for 1008 00:40:56,870 --> 00:40:54,960 any human let alone 1009 00:40:58,309 --> 00:40:56,880 you know a 1010 00:41:00,950 --> 00:40:58,319 a robot 1011 00:41:07,829 --> 00:41:00,960 did any of you have tears today 1012 00:41:12,710 --> 00:41:10,309 i think we messed it up a little bit i i 1013 00:41:15,030 --> 00:41:12,720 must admit it's uh it was it was a very 1014 00:41:17,430 --> 00:41:15,040 emotional moment yeah i think tears and 1015 00:41:19,750 --> 00:41:17,440 applause at the same time and i had a 1016 00:41:21,510 --> 00:41:19,760 little purple hanky there you know to be 1017 00:41:25,349 --> 00:41:21,520 able to use so 1018 00:41:30,630 --> 00:41:27,109 okay we're going to go back to the 1019 00:41:33,030 --> 00:41:30,640 phones we have leo enright of irish tv 1020 00:41:34,950 --> 00:41:33,040 go ahead 1021 00:41:38,150 --> 00:41:34,960 uh thank you very much i wonder could i 1022 00:41:40,230 --> 00:41:38,160 ask a question of alvaro jimenez of uh 1023 00:41:43,270 --> 00:41:40,240 yes yes once you come up to the podium 1024 00:41:48,470 --> 00:41:46,550 thank you very much um 1025 00:41:50,990 --> 00:41:48,480 what i wanted to know really was i mean 1026 00:41:54,150 --> 00:41:51,000 when we look at hubble we look at 1027 00:41:56,870 --> 00:41:54,160 cassini-huygens uh we look at soho all 1028 00:42:00,069 --> 00:41:56,880 these great collaborative missions 1029 00:42:03,670 --> 00:42:00,079 uh between the united states and europe 1030 00:42:04,710 --> 00:42:03,680 i wonder what is the prospect of us ever 1031 00:42:07,309 --> 00:42:04,720 frankly 1032 00:42:09,910 --> 00:42:07,319 uh doing these sort of great 1033 00:42:12,470 --> 00:42:09,920 collaborations again is it going to 1034 00:42:14,470 --> 00:42:12,480 happen or is it more likely 1035 00:42:18,150 --> 00:42:14,480 that europe and the us will take 1036 00:42:20,470 --> 00:42:18,160 slightly more independent paths 1037 00:42:23,910 --> 00:42:20,480 well we have we are very proud of 1038 00:42:26,550 --> 00:42:23,920 actually having collaborated with nasa 1039 00:42:27,510 --> 00:42:26,560 in in this great mission 1040 00:42:31,829 --> 00:42:27,520 and 1041 00:42:34,390 --> 00:42:31,839 mind we are convinced this is the way to 1042 00:42:37,270 --> 00:42:34,400 go we have to work together to really be 1043 00:42:40,069 --> 00:42:37,280 ambitious and achieve missions like this 1044 00:42:43,030 --> 00:42:40,079 one this could be in different fields we 1045 00:42:45,670 --> 00:42:43,040 have now as you have mentioned 1046 00:42:47,670 --> 00:42:45,680 jwst to be launched this is a another 1047 00:42:50,230 --> 00:42:47,680 great mission where europe is deeply 1048 00:42:52,950 --> 00:42:50,240 involved with nasa 1049 00:42:54,630 --> 00:42:52,960 we have the experience of hubble we have 1050 00:42:56,150 --> 00:42:54,640 missions though and that has been a 1051 00:43:00,390 --> 00:42:56,160 little bit of a change 1052 00:43:03,109 --> 00:43:00,400 where also are led by issa but nasa is 1053 00:43:04,470 --> 00:43:03,119 participating also actively like jews to 1054 00:43:06,790 --> 00:43:04,480 jupiter 1055 00:43:09,589 --> 00:43:06,800 and we are looking into all kinds of 1056 00:43:11,270 --> 00:43:09,599 possibilities now we would like to have 1057 00:43:14,550 --> 00:43:11,280 more and more 1058 00:43:17,349 --> 00:43:14,560 cooperation and i think here we have an 1059 00:43:18,710 --> 00:43:17,359 example to follow which is cassini 1060 00:43:21,670 --> 00:43:18,720 huygens 1061 00:43:24,630 --> 00:43:21,680 where it is important to have the same 1062 00:43:27,190 --> 00:43:24,640 goals but also define well 1063 00:43:28,630 --> 00:43:27,200 clean interfaces clean management 1064 00:43:32,309 --> 00:43:28,640 structure 1065 00:43:35,430 --> 00:43:32,319 how the mission is led how is uh put in 1066 00:43:38,710 --> 00:43:35,440 place and then making it a success so 1067 00:43:40,710 --> 00:43:38,720 i'm really making sure because 1068 00:43:43,349 --> 00:43:40,720 we have and this is something you can 1069 00:43:45,829 --> 00:43:43,359 see in europe and in the us 1070 00:43:48,150 --> 00:43:45,839 our scientists the scientific community 1071 00:43:51,190 --> 00:43:48,160 is totally 1072 00:43:54,470 --> 00:43:51,200 mixed they are working together already 1073 00:43:57,030 --> 00:43:54,480 regardless of what the agencies do 1074 00:43:59,349 --> 00:43:57,040 and if they work together we are 1075 00:44:06,829 --> 00:43:59,359 servicing our scientific community we 1076 00:44:11,750 --> 00:44:08,950 together okay 1077 00:44:13,510 --> 00:44:11,760 all right thank you um 1078 00:44:14,870 --> 00:44:13,520 okay so why don't we go back to social 1079 00:44:17,510 --> 00:44:14,880 media 1080 00:44:19,990 --> 00:44:17,520 sure president buff asked what was the 1081 00:44:22,530 --> 00:44:20,000 most surprising reveal and have any of 1082 00:44:26,150 --> 00:44:22,540 you named a child or pet after cassini 1083 00:44:28,550 --> 00:44:26,160 [Laughter] 1084 00:44:32,950 --> 00:44:31,109 no child or pet named after casino we 1085 00:44:35,030 --> 00:44:32,960 have named some of the features in the 1086 00:44:37,109 --> 00:44:35,040 rings 1087 00:44:40,230 --> 00:44:37,119 that's true larry raises a very good 1088 00:44:41,829 --> 00:44:40,240 point larry's with the ultraviolet team 1089 00:44:46,870 --> 00:44:41,839 and they the some of the features have 1090 00:44:49,829 --> 00:44:48,309 i do remember hearing one of the 1091 00:44:53,270 --> 00:44:49,839 engineers telling me that he named his 1092 00:44:55,190 --> 00:44:53,280 daughter phoebe after the moon phoebe so 1093 00:44:56,390 --> 00:44:55,200 okay let's uh take another social media 1094 00:44:58,630 --> 00:44:56,400 question 1095 00:45:00,230 --> 00:44:58,640 jason is asking what do you feel is the 1096 00:45:01,990 --> 00:45:00,240 most valuable contribution of the 1097 00:45:05,109 --> 00:45:02,000 cassini mission to science and space 1098 00:45:09,670 --> 00:45:06,870 well there are probably two answers i'll 1099 00:45:12,309 --> 00:45:09,680 defer the science question to linda but 1100 00:45:13,349 --> 00:45:12,319 i think in terms of showing a path 1101 00:45:15,750 --> 00:45:13,359 forward 1102 00:45:18,550 --> 00:45:15,760 in space exploration the techniques that 1103 00:45:20,309 --> 00:45:18,560 cassini has has developed in 1104 00:45:23,109 --> 00:45:20,319 astrodynamics celestial mechanics 1105 00:45:26,230 --> 00:45:23,119 mission design and engineering and and 1106 00:45:29,510 --> 00:45:26,240 as i mentioned in my earlier remarks 1107 00:45:30,630 --> 00:45:29,520 in just being able to to 1108 00:45:32,710 --> 00:45:30,640 manage 1109 00:45:35,910 --> 00:45:32,720 an extremely complex system to the 1110 00:45:39,190 --> 00:45:35,920 ultimate of its capabilities and i might 1111 00:45:41,750 --> 00:45:39,200 also add the importance of a flagship 1112 00:45:44,390 --> 00:45:41,760 a mission that has 1113 00:45:46,470 --> 00:45:44,400 a full suite of instruments ready to 1114 00:45:48,390 --> 00:45:46,480 deal with whatever it finds 1115 00:45:50,069 --> 00:45:48,400 there's always room for the tactical 1116 00:45:51,670 --> 00:45:50,079 missions with a focused instrument but 1117 00:45:54,870 --> 00:45:51,680 something that's ready to deal with 1118 00:45:56,870 --> 00:45:54,880 whatever it finds and then go back again 1119 00:45:58,790 --> 00:45:56,880 and we have stories over and over again 1120 00:46:01,270 --> 00:45:58,800 where one instrument has revealed 1121 00:46:03,190 --> 00:46:01,280 something about saturn or its moons and 1122 00:46:06,309 --> 00:46:03,200 the other instruments have all piled on 1123 00:46:08,870 --> 00:46:06,319 and we get from a little snippet also a 1124 00:46:11,030 --> 00:46:08,880 full picture of the entire thing so the 1125 00:46:13,750 --> 00:46:11,040 value of flagship the engineering 1126 00:46:16,790 --> 00:46:13,760 techniques and and uh management 1127 00:46:18,390 --> 00:46:16,800 techniques that have been exploited uh i 1128 00:46:21,190 --> 00:46:18,400 think are 1129 00:46:22,630 --> 00:46:21,200 lead us the way we'll lead the way okay 1130 00:46:25,190 --> 00:46:22,640 i would certainly agree with earl to 1131 00:46:28,470 --> 00:46:25,200 have that full toolbox of instruments 1132 00:46:29,750 --> 00:46:28,480 available to follow up on the unexpected 1133 00:46:31,589 --> 00:46:29,760 discoveries 1134 00:46:33,190 --> 00:46:31,599 and as far as cassini goes i think one 1135 00:46:34,870 --> 00:46:33,200 of the biggest legacies from cassini 1136 00:46:36,950 --> 00:46:34,880 will be the fact that we now know that 1137 00:46:39,349 --> 00:46:36,960 there are ocean worlds not only around 1138 00:46:42,309 --> 00:46:39,359 jupiter but also around saturn you have 1139 00:46:44,309 --> 00:46:42,319 enceladus titan perhaps diony sort of 1140 00:46:46,550 --> 00:46:44,319 opening up our view of where could we 1141 00:46:48,309 --> 00:46:46,560 find life in our solar system and maybe 1142 00:46:50,550 --> 00:46:48,319 it doesn't have to be in that narrow 1143 00:46:52,390 --> 00:46:50,560 zone the goldilocks zone where the earth 1144 00:46:54,790 --> 00:46:52,400 is but could be elsewhere and the 1145 00:46:57,430 --> 00:46:54,800 implications forward for exoplanets as 1146 00:46:59,670 --> 00:46:57,440 well 1147 00:47:02,470 --> 00:46:59,680 okay we have a couple of other questions 1148 00:47:05,829 --> 00:47:02,480 uh the gentleman in the back there hold 1149 00:47:09,670 --> 00:47:07,030 thank you 1150 00:47:11,589 --> 00:47:09,680 hi my name is neville 1151 00:47:13,990 --> 00:47:11,599 you had on board the cassini something 1152 00:47:17,430 --> 00:47:14,000 that could quote unquote sniff the 1153 00:47:19,589 --> 00:47:17,440 atmosphere was it a hope or an absolute 1154 00:47:20,950 --> 00:47:19,599 plan that you would be able to utilize 1155 00:47:25,750 --> 00:47:20,960 that 1156 00:47:28,790 --> 00:47:25,760 neutral mass spectrometer we've used it 1157 00:47:30,630 --> 00:47:28,800 very successfully for titan's atmosphere 1158 00:47:33,589 --> 00:47:30,640 for looking in the gap the gas from the 1159 00:47:35,109 --> 00:47:33,599 plumes from enceladus and also earlier 1160 00:47:37,750 --> 00:47:35,119 orbits where he had sort of dipped our 1161 00:47:40,390 --> 00:47:37,760 toe into the atmosphere of saturn so we 1162 00:47:41,910 --> 00:47:40,400 knew it would work and continue to work 1163 00:47:44,470 --> 00:47:41,920 and we just wanted to keep getting data 1164 00:47:46,870 --> 00:47:44,480 back as long as we could to get those 1165 00:47:48,309 --> 00:47:46,880 very last seconds the deepest data that 1166 00:47:49,750 --> 00:47:48,319 we could get 1167 00:47:51,349 --> 00:47:49,760 let me just pilot that for a second 1168 00:47:53,349 --> 00:47:51,359 because when we launched 1169 00:47:55,829 --> 00:47:53,359 the ion industrial mass spectrometer was 1170 00:47:57,990 --> 00:47:55,839 going to be used for titan 1171 00:48:00,390 --> 00:47:58,000 right that's it we got enceladus and we 1172 00:48:03,109 --> 00:48:00,400 got them saturn again because of the 1173 00:48:04,950 --> 00:48:03,119 fact that we were able to 1174 00:48:06,710 --> 00:48:04,960 find these 1175 00:48:09,030 --> 00:48:06,720 uh mysteries with other instruments and 1176 00:48:11,349 --> 00:48:09,040 then use this mass spec 1177 00:48:12,309 --> 00:48:11,359 in in a different way so again it's just 1178 00:48:13,990 --> 00:48:12,319 the point 1179 00:48:15,349 --> 00:48:14,000 if you can fit it on 1180 00:48:17,589 --> 00:48:15,359 jim will probably shoot me for this but 1181 00:48:20,390 --> 00:48:17,599 if you get it on under price 1182 00:48:22,790 --> 00:48:20,400 buy or get the ride and that's kind of 1183 00:48:25,589 --> 00:48:22,800 the point of my question is you're 1184 00:48:27,990 --> 00:48:25,599 building into these missions 1185 00:48:29,670 --> 00:48:28,000 serendipity with the anticipation that 1186 00:48:31,589 --> 00:48:29,680 it could maybe 1187 00:48:34,309 --> 00:48:31,599 be used in another way absolutely you 1188 00:48:36,390 --> 00:48:34,319 have to even even a very tactical 1189 00:48:37,750 --> 00:48:36,400 mission with a single objective in a 1190 00:48:39,750 --> 00:48:37,760 single instrument 1191 00:48:42,549 --> 00:48:39,760 still has got to be ready for to roll 1192 00:48:44,309 --> 00:48:42,559 with the punches or the surprises uh 1193 00:48:46,390 --> 00:48:44,319 this is that cassini happened to be so 1194 00:48:48,470 --> 00:48:46,400 superbly built for that because if you 1195 00:48:50,309 --> 00:48:48,480 see something with one instrument then 1196 00:48:52,630 --> 00:48:50,319 the entire might and majesty the entire 1197 00:48:55,030 --> 00:48:52,640 spacecraft can be brought onto it and 1198 00:48:56,390 --> 00:48:55,040 reveal and enceladus if i don't have the 1199 00:48:59,030 --> 00:48:56,400 time to go in the story of how many 1200 00:49:01,589 --> 00:48:59,040 instruments it took to reveal that 1201 00:49:02,790 --> 00:49:01,599 entire story it's a the entire 1202 00:49:04,630 --> 00:49:02,800 spacecraft 1203 00:49:07,349 --> 00:49:04,640 i think it took every instrument on the 1204 00:49:10,710 --> 00:49:07,359 spacecraft working together to reveal 1205 00:49:12,790 --> 00:49:10,720 what we know today about enceladus so 1206 00:49:14,470 --> 00:49:12,800 every single one 1207 00:49:17,109 --> 00:49:14,480 thank you okay other questions in the 1208 00:49:20,950 --> 00:49:17,119 room are the gentlemen here in the front 1209 00:49:24,790 --> 00:49:23,349 hi i'm kurt j mack i'm here with the 1210 00:49:27,270 --> 00:49:24,800 nasa social 1211 00:49:29,990 --> 00:49:27,280 a lot of the pictures from cassini were 1212 00:49:32,950 --> 00:49:30,000 uploaded online in real time the raw 1213 00:49:35,190 --> 00:49:32,960 images and were taken by amateurs and 1214 00:49:38,069 --> 00:49:35,200 people online and stitched together and 1215 00:49:40,069 --> 00:49:38,079 uh almost finished before the scientists 1216 00:49:42,470 --> 00:49:40,079 got a chance to do so i wonder if that 1217 00:49:45,430 --> 00:49:42,480 was an expected outcome and if that 1218 00:49:46,870 --> 00:49:45,440 impacts the way and the decisions made 1219 00:49:49,109 --> 00:49:46,880 during the mission and perhaps future 1220 00:49:50,710 --> 00:49:49,119 missions for such uh images we love the 1221 00:49:53,190 --> 00:49:50,720 amateurs to get out there in fact i 1222 00:49:55,270 --> 00:49:53,200 think emily loctawa here was one of the 1223 00:49:58,069 --> 00:49:55,280 first to put together a movie of 1224 00:49:59,750 --> 00:49:58,079 enceladus uh setting behind saturn i 1225 00:50:01,829 --> 00:49:59,760 think i saw it last night so she got 1226 00:50:03,270 --> 00:50:01,839 those images and put them together right 1227 00:50:05,109 --> 00:50:03,280 away we love it that's what we want to 1228 00:50:06,950 --> 00:50:05,119 do is involve the community there's a 1229 00:50:09,670 --> 00:50:06,960 there's a small community that's been 1230 00:50:11,430 --> 00:50:09,680 doing this to us for years and so we we 1231 00:50:12,390 --> 00:50:11,440 don't even try to get ahead of him 1232 00:50:14,390 --> 00:50:12,400 anymore 1233 00:50:16,309 --> 00:50:14,400 we are scooped at the minute and that's 1234 00:50:18,950 --> 00:50:16,319 what cassini's always been about get the 1235 00:50:20,710 --> 00:50:18,960 images out it was a decision from nasa a 1236 00:50:22,630 --> 00:50:20,720 long time ago 1237 00:50:24,630 --> 00:50:22,640 as soon as they're on the ground 1238 00:50:26,230 --> 00:50:24,640 everybody gets to see them and then do 1239 00:50:28,150 --> 00:50:26,240 what you will and we've got some great 1240 00:50:30,549 --> 00:50:28,160 graphics they're better than ours 1241 00:50:32,150 --> 00:50:30,559 sometimes 1242 00:50:33,589 --> 00:50:32,160 i have to be careful about that they're 1243 00:50:36,150 --> 00:50:33,599 qui they're faster 1244 00:50:39,190 --> 00:50:36,160 they're faster than ours you know and so 1245 00:50:41,670 --> 00:50:39,200 it satisfies that need for the immediacy 1246 00:50:44,710 --> 00:50:41,680 so all right well we're reaching the end 1247 00:50:46,870 --> 00:50:44,720 of the hour here so um we're going to do 1248 00:50:48,470 --> 00:50:46,880 a playback of the graphics that you saw 1249 00:50:50,870 --> 00:50:48,480 in today's press briefing including 1250 00:50:53,109 --> 00:50:50,880 those last wonderful images that linda 1251 00:50:55,109 --> 00:50:53,119 showed earlier we're also going to add 1252 00:50:57,750 --> 00:50:55,119 some additional saturn imagery onto the 1253 00:51:02,490 --> 00:50:57,760 feed so thank you everyone for helping 1254 00:51:19,510 --> 00:51:02,500 us say goodbye to cassini and to saturn 1255 00:51:19,520 --> 00:51:42,630 thank you everyone 1256 00:51:42,640 --> 00:51:52,470 uh 1257 00:51:52,480 --> 00:53:31,690 thanks so much 1258 00:53:31,700 --> 00:54:42,549 [Music] 1259 00:54:46,630 --> 00:54:45,190 systems acs one we just had transition 1260 00:54:51,990 --> 00:54:46,640 to high rate mode 1261 00:54:56,309 --> 00:54:53,829 we have lots of signals that actually 1262 00:54:58,390 --> 00:54:56,319 benefit your events 1263 00:54:59,510 --> 00:54:58,400 project manager flight director 1264 00:55:04,390 --> 00:54:59,520 go ahead 1265 00:55:10,309 --> 00:55:07,349 project manager on fso cord 1266 00:55:11,829 --> 00:55:10,319 maybe a trickle of telemetry left but 1267 00:55:14,630 --> 00:55:11,839 just heard the 1268 00:55:16,950 --> 00:55:14,640 signal from the spacecraft is gone and 1269 00:55:19,430 --> 00:55:16,960 within the next 45 seconds so will be 1270 00:55:21,109 --> 00:55:19,440 the spacecraft 1271 00:55:21,990 --> 00:55:21,119 i hope you're all 1272 00:55:24,470 --> 00:55:22,000 as 1273 00:55:26,790 --> 00:55:24,480 deeply proud of this amazing 1274 00:55:29,270 --> 00:55:26,800 accomplishment congratulations to you 1275 00:55:32,069 --> 00:55:29,280 all this has been an incredible mission 1276 00:55:34,390 --> 00:55:32,079 an incredible spacecraft and you're all 1277 00:55:35,829 --> 00:55:34,400 an incredible team 1278 00:55:37,349 --> 00:55:35,839 i'm going to call this the end of 1279 00:55:41,120 --> 00:55:37,359 mission 1280 00:55:51,350 --> 00:55:41,130 project manager off the net